In 1949, it is time for China's vast land of wind and rain, the changing of the times to change the fate of many people. In early spring this year on a certain day in a passenger departing from Shanghai on the arms of a young woman with infant baby, interlinked face farewell to Shanghai. Her little child, totally do not know the meaning of the trip, he was just curious eyes wide open, looking up at the sky blackened by fire. This woman and her son, the trip destination is Taiwan that is still unfamiliar to them, the island … …
Turned over half a century between rush. In 2000, Shanghai, Pudong Zhangjiang, sunny one day, piling with a loud voice, a new high-tech enterprises in the park was born. The company's owner, is that 51 years ago in the infant wrapped in swaddling clothes. Now, he has fifty years old, but he hale and hearty, watching the lush meadows of the plant, or blows, his face full of happy. His hand arm, and is the man then holding his mother at sea, now is the white-haired old lady … …
Is 6 years have passed. Today, in the Zhangjiang Hi-land, plant a row of blue has been proudly standing, it is very well-known domestic and overseas market, SMIC, one foundry as its main business to high-tech enterprises. In just six years, the SMIC as a high-speed spinning of the “machine tools”, with its strong radiation in the vast hinterland of China flourish. In addition to Shanghai, SMIC Beijing, Tianjin, Chengdu branch of these cities have been built, the production of various specifications of the chip sales in the industry already accounts for 40% of the total.
Age in infants who left Shanghai, returned to Shanghai in the prime of age who is president and CEO of SMIC, he named Chang. Although a U.S. citizen, but he has forgotten that he is Chinese, a member of the Chinese nation.
“Now I am also the people of Shanghai a”
Then follow the mother went to Taiwan's Chang Sea, in Taiwan, after completion of university studies, or want to switch to American studies, has made the engineering master's degree and doctorate in electrical engineering. In 1977, just 29 years old when he entered the U.S. Texas Instruments (TI), marked the beginning of the indissoluble bond with the chip industry. In Texas Instruments, and he was foreman start, with workers from the installation, production to maintenance, the entire process must participate. In this way, he participated in fro 9 chip plant construction, these plants throughout the United States and Singapore, Italy, Japan, China Taiwan, Thailand.
Speaking of investment in the world built around these chips plant in Singapore in the early 1990s the construction of 8-inch chip factory for the most important cause of Chang mainland foundation, because the plant's construction, in addition to It took 3 years in addition, it SMIC has prepared a lot of talent development. Chang smiled and said: “When we recruit staff to the mainland to Singapore's factory trained about 300 persons, some of them to stay in Singapore, but more than half, or return to the mainland, who is now SMIC international technical backbone. “
Richard Chang at this time in the United States, but he has never forgotten their identity as a Chinese. In his childhood and youth, his mother, who then gathered from the ladies of the top students graduating from Nanjing Normal University, despite occupying Taiwan, but has instilled in his son to have achieved in the future to serve the country after . Thus, while long-term isolation from both sides, but Chang is no stranger to the mainland, the mighty Yangtze, the towering Mount Tai, the northern desert of snow, the southern of the coconut palms, although he has no chance to visit, but talking about it all, they are all very familiar . Eighties of last century's reform and opening up, raise the Chang brothers and sisters and his mother, tracing a dream, an ominous letter from home address at last that he continued on the clan's blood. In 1986, Chang via Japan, and finally returned to his hometown of longing for many years, and relatives of the meeting made him more determined commitment to serve the motherland.
In 1989, Texas Instruments and Taiwan's investment partners Acer made the 8-inch plants. In 1997, according to TI's internal rules, have been working for 20 years, Chang can choose to retire early. In a friend's invitation, he returned to Taiwan to serve as general manager of the World largest semiconductor. At this time of Chang, in fact put forward a clear plan of investment in the mainland, he and the world big plans, the first plant and second plant built in Taiwan, after the third plant to the 10th plant to be built in mainland.
At this time, Taiwan investment environment that the deterioration of one of the most important reason, that is, the Taiwan authorities, “patient” of the wrong policies on the island too much intervention in corporate investment in the mainland. Although the company has repeatedly requested the authorities called an open relaxed, but continued poor investment environment, many entrepreneurs can not approve of this. Chang also clearly see the use of ideology to block the development of enterprises is no way out.
Living in Taiwan, Chang, on the back to the idea of investing in the mainland has not been forgotten. He believes that rejuvenation is the common aspiration of all Chinese people, China's economic take-off is the cornerstone of all stable and harmonious.
Chang's role in a comprehensive high-tech employees out of his personal observation. He felt that the mainland and Taiwan's Bijiao advantage is in processing of precision instruments, light industry, special chemical, mechanical heavy industry, the mainland is Taiwan's advantage in this respect can not match, leading on the mainland, Taiwan Zhengshixianzai him that you are engaged chip industry. Semiconductor Science and Technology of China in the early and high levels of the world far different from Taiwan 30 years ago to start this because of capital, technology and personnel of the investment, with a solid foundation. Chang would like to, if we can put this one foundry in China, to allow the mainland to catch up rapidly in this area on the world level, and that countries in the development of high-tech industry will catch up.
Before that, several full of patriotic fervor of the chip industry veteran and other patriotic partners wrote to the then President Jiang Zemin and Premier Zhu Rongji, to express the hope that the idea of investing in the mainland chip companies. According to their vision, set up factories in mainland China, not only to create a world-class chip, but also to train a large number of the motherland expertise in this area, around the world set up factories in their own successful experience of introduction to the mainland.
Their ideas and proposals will soon be a warm response. In 2000, that a number of the chip industry's predecessors with Chang and other patriotic partners fieldwork in mainland China, they have visited Beijing, Shanghai, Hong Kong and Shenzhen. In Shanghai, Chang and his party by then-mayor Xu for their hospitality. A few encounters, they finally closed, the first step in investing in the mainland, established in Shanghai.
In April 2000 and headquartered in Shanghai, SMIC registered in the Cayman Islands. 4 months later, SMIC which broke ground in Shanghai. As one of the founders of SMIC, Chang's employee ID card number is E000001. 2002, the SMIC to begin volume production.
Chang today, about this decision was made, he said, to determine location in Shanghai, in addition to the central government introduced the policy, the more important leaders in Shanghai for Taiwan businessmen investing in Shanghai, the great love shown. In recent years, while Shanghai's leaders have changed hands several times, but they are concerned about the development of SMIC, SMIC had personally inspected the work. Just recently, Deputy Secretary of CPC Shanghai Municipal Committee, Mayor Han Zheng, also at the SMIC, for him the prizes for me. Although his home in Hebei, but now he and his family, including his mother and his family have settled in Shanghai. Speaking of this, Chang always proud to say: “Now I am also a Shanghai person!”
Chang and business partners to practice their ideas. When he first returned to Shanghai investment, China is doing 0.5-micron chips, and the international community has done a 0.13-micron chips, there is great distance between the two, using industry jargon, this piece of the mainland across the international level and about 5 generations. Now, with full production SMIC, the mainland and the international gap in this area has basically been close, now SMIC has been able to mass production of 90-nm width of the chip (1 nm = 0.001 microns, a hair diameter of about 200 to 300 microns) and next year will be 65 nm.
Short period of 6 years, SMIC has been in Shanghai and Tianjin in the construction of four 8-inch chip plants, built in Beijing, now the mainland's first 12-inch chip plant in Chengdu also has an assembly and test plant , the total investment in Shanghai alone had more than 4 billion U.S. dollars. Industry recognized and SMIC has become a global chip industry, “Three male,” one of its strategic layout, SMIC has been ahead of the pack, has completed the mainland cities in eastern and western development and deployment.
In industrial development, SMIC also in the capital markets simultaneously, its stock and ADR were issued two years ago in Hong Kong main board market and the New York Stock Exchange. In the global trend of capital flows in China, SMIC become the fastest rising star semiconductors, setting the fastest chip foundry plant records.
Chang had hoped to build 10 domestic fabs. Today, SMIC is continued step by step forward. Wuhan government-led, invited as a consultant SMIC's production line has been active in Wuhan, the first phase of the project to invest up to 10.7 billion yuan. SMIC Beijing and Tianjin, the factory will be merged into a single production base, its capacity will be fully improved. The SMIC headquarters in Shanghai will further expand its new 12-inch wafer fabrication facility in a progressive manner as scheduled.
“I'm behind,
A group of Taiwanese businessmen patriotic “
Chang investment in Shanghai proceeded smoothly, but let him not think that, from his factory in the Pudong Zhangjiang start laying the first piles, all sorts of problems have followed, and that all sources of stress is that the Taiwan authorities disturb . SMIC is committed to the development in the same time, Chang had to bet a lot of energy, with the Taiwan authorities launched a long-term see-saw.
Chang Taiwan authorities have set up barriers and stop the deep emotions. Texas Instruments Taiwan as early as the year when the plant, plant to the mainland to the recruitment team once had the idea of engineering and technical personnel, he is looking through this way to serve the motherland and cultivate expertise in this area, but was rebuffed by the then Taiwan authorities. Taiwan authorities to invest in the mainland's entrepreneurs to take a more severe suppression policy, Chang full of high technology to serve the motherland into the mainland by the Taiwan authorities not mind, his pressure, almost from the birth of Semiconductor Manufacturing International Gang began. Chang arrived in Shanghai is also the time investors, many of Taiwan's Fund and the consortium based on Chang's trust to him, the Taiwan authorities to force some investors Divestment, who has two small funds could not resist the pressure because forced divestment.
With the continuous development of SMIC, the Taiwan authorities have intensified the persecution. In 2002, SMIC has also just started, the Taiwan authorities, “Taiwan trial will be” issued a statement claimed that Chang's investment in the mainland has not been reviewed, he should be fined 500 million NT dollars. Chang returned to Taiwan authorities to issue orders requiring him to divest within 6 months, otherwise a fine will be continuous. A total of three consecutive announcement, a total fine of 15 million yuan NT.
Chang has always been gentle hearts in the face of unreasonable acts of the Taiwan authorities are very puzzled. April 1, 2005, Chang of the Taiwan authorities issued a statement regarding his punishment, said: “I am a U.S. citizen studying in the United States and worked for many years, has been holding a U.S. passport. Since February 2000 the work moved to the mainland, has been more than five years, as many overseas Chinese-American, I love the cross-strait and the United States and concern, always. for Taiwan's “Ministry” has made the administrative sanctions and I very much understand and regret, to a lawyer properly handle the matter. I will always go all out in SMIC's work, for shareholders, customers and employees to make the maximum return and contribution. “Subsequently, in the lawyer's advice, the Chang renounced Taiwan household registration, hope to the Taiwan authorities from the government of harassment.
During the interview, Chang illustrates a low profile, hoping to events around the world love to combine people and the friends of China with the Chinese gave enthusiasm and make some contributions. He said that his descendants as the Chinese nation, China's SMIC to base, the world as the goal, called SMIC around the players to management and technical team. Chang added that introduction, SMIC employees, 10,500 persons, in addition to players outside the continent, about 1000 people from overseas, including from the United States, Canada, Italy, Japan, Korea, Singapore and other countries, also also from China, Hong Kong SAR, Taiwan IC players from various quarters.
Richard Chang, the Taiwan authorities fear the move will be other follow-up entrepreneurs to invest in the mainland, so he gave up Taiwan's household registration application as inadmissible. With SMIC in Beijing, Tianjin factory coming on stream, the Taiwan authorities have repeatedly brings up the fine whatever, to maintain their “policy”, or even no reason to warn against Chang, this means that once he set foot in Taiwan Island, there is the possibility of arrest.
While facing the pressure of Taiwan authorities, “policy”, but Chang did not stop his life, therefore Chi. For him, to invest in the mainland's actions, not just simple business practices, but to serve the motherland, the faith for him is unwavering. Chang was able to have such strong convictions, but also because in his side, a large number of supporting his friend. They are the same as Chang was full of feelings for the motherland, but only for various reasons are not able immediately to the mainland to open plants, cause they want to succeed Chang, Chuang of Taiwan's path through the patriotic businessmen. Speaking of those of his friend, Chang is always full of emotion and said: “As they were still in Taiwan, I can not in the media to publish their names, otherwise they would face persecution of the Taiwan authorities. They are my strong backing, so I am not a person struggle with the Taiwan authorities, I have a group of patriotic businessmen behind it is my firm backing. “
Unwarranted interference by the Taiwan authorities, although currently difficult to return to Taiwan, Chang, Chang regret was not frustrated. He said the Taiwan authorities in this move is unpopular, and it is impossible to achieve practical results, this year, Taiwan is showing “tidal flat down” Help people to come back: people want is a prosperous and stable living environment; entrepreneurs distinguished courage and vision is to revitalize the nation and create a harmonious social responsibility leaders. He laughed and said: “One day, I will safely return to Taiwan to see my friends, this day is not far away.”
“Comprehensive earnings just around the corner”
Although Chang's face had been hung faint smile, but since the SMIC is opening, he actually has been in the air waves on top of contradictions. In addition to meeting the Taiwan authorities that is unreasonable, the more than two years, SMIC has also been facing the industry, “the boss” — TSMC dragged.
Early in 2002, SMIC has just put into production when, TSMC, Hsinchu, Taiwan District Court to submit petitions to the prosecution of SMIC, and SMIC is ready to be listed in the occasion, TSMC began to launch a series of lawsuits in the United States. After that, TSMC has not stopped the activities of SMIC wrapped around v.. March 2004, SMIC in Hong Kong, New York. The prosecution of a just-listed SMIC had an impact, SMIC listing fixed price Sasser, one of the reasons for this are complex, TSMC dragged can not be said to be one of the factors.
Chang and TSMC chairman Morris Chang has a deep history between. Chang first joined Texas Instruments in the United States, when Chang is senior vice president of Texas Instruments. In 1987, Chang returned to Taiwan left the United States, founder of TSMC, and the separation of chip manufacturing and chip design, specializing in the foundry, created a new industry model, known as the “father of Taiwan's chip.”
Speaking of this litigation with TSMC, Chang refused to talk about, because in his eyes, his old Chang is higher, and is a personal moral decent people. He said, then why sue SMIC, TSMC announced, mainly because there are some professional employees in Taiwan, the mainland saw the opportunity to develop options to the mainland, and Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company declared that they took away the trade secrets. Out of respect for Chang, Chang has been played down in this dispute, then in January 2005 reached a settlement with TSMC, SMIC, TSMC agreed to 6 years to pay 175 million U.S. dollars.
At this point, the matter is already settled. It is regrettable that this “truce” barely lasted 17 months, in August this year, TSMC cause some people renewed war, handed to the U.S. complaint in California Superior Court, accused SMIC is not can observe both sides of the settlement agreement. This time, Chang is no longer compromises, and on September 12, SMIC to the California Supreme Court denied the defense's strong shape, and anti-control TSMC breach the settlement agreement required it to pay compensation.
In order to ensure the protection SMIC investors, customers and employees in SMIC again filed a complaint last month, the Beijing High Court, alleging breach of good faith TSMC, SMIC damage to goodwill, and in unfair competition on the market.
Chang said SMIC in the chip foundry is a high technology, it is most characteristic of technology-intensive, their production facilities to mainland China imports some countries in the West there has been a number of obstacles, which makes China's products are often to two generations behind the international advanced level, can become public goods. SMIC have developed a very practical response to the enterprise at the beginning, in addition to independent research and development, with Toshiba, Fujitsu, IMEC (European Semiconductor Research and Development Center), Elpida, Infineon, Freescale and many international semiconductor companies established a wide range of technical cooperation. Therefore, said SMIC TSMC infringement of patents, this is really ridiculous.
In addition to the legal dispute with Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Chang pressure also comes from corporate profits. SMIC opened six years, there have been only profit in 2004, and is considered the highlight of the semiconductor industry, TSMC was the settlement to be paid by the pressure, but also long-term development for enterprises bet a lot of R & D funds has yet to record a profit, which also affected the objectivity of its share price, recently in Hong Kong main board listed shares, its stock price dropped a dollar or even less, investors around the world have not only confused, but also views .
In response, Chang explained that the chip industry is the high-tech, high investment, high talent of three high-sectors. SMIC after opening, has been in expansion stage investing to 90% of all production equipment, equipment depreciation, relatively large pressures. In fact, the Shanghai plant in 2004, profits had already started, Shanghai, eight-inch plant (Mega Fab) has become the most advanced eight-inch plant SMIC to provide 0.18,0.15,0.13 micron and currently most advanced 90-nm technology. Production capacity is expected by the end of 2007 to 90 nm, higher profitability. Eight-inch plant in Tianjin, the main job of 0.35,0.25,0.18 and 0.15-micron process technology. Also in July of this year reached a collaborative agreement with QUALCOMM Incorporated, SMIC will use specialized BiCMOS process technology at its Tianjin factory to provide integrated circuit manufacturing services for the Qualcomm. Chang said that this cooperation will also promote the long-term profitability of SMIC.
Chang describes is the profitability of the SMIC with such prospects, the financial institutions they have been very supportive of. Beginning in 2004, SMIC has been the rapid distribution of strong financial support. On the one hand, SMIC in Hong Kong, the New York market for the company to expand both the scale provided effective guarantees of loans to other banks are also active. May 2005, the company access to China's SMIC Beijing syndicated 5-year period, amounting to 600 million U.S. dollars of loans to SMIC in Beijing 12-inch chip production line to provide financial support for capacity expansion; year in December, SMIC Shanghai Company Bank of the Netherlands the two long-term loans 85 million euros contract for the purchase lithography equipment; in May 2006, SMIC Tianjin, with 10 in a consortium of foreign banks signed a five-year, amounting to 3 million loan agreement to expand Tianjin 8-inch chip factory capacity; in June, SMIC Shanghai company has received from eight different countries and regions, composed of 18 banks in syndicated loans for 600 million U.S. dollars. The SMIC in Shanghai, first loan 400 million 80 million U.S. dollars have been paid off in 2006.
Let Chang pleased that starting in 2006, SMIC and further speed up cooperation with international giants pace, especially in the current international most advanced 90-nanometer technology. January 2006, Infineon will own the most cutting-edge 90-nanometer DRAM trench technology and 300-mm production technology to SMIC and further discussions related to technical cooperation of 70 nm; May, Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation by ARM physical IP family of products for the 90-nanometer processing technology to help customers reduce design time, reduce risk and speed time to market; in June, with Elpida and other customers of technical cooperation, SMIC 90 nm 512 MB 90-nanometer DDR2 DRAM products and the logic chips, both successfully passed the authentication and mass production.
Based on this series of technical achievements, Chang said with confidence, the overall profitability of SMIC, just around the corner, SMIC will go all out to investors, customers and employees benefit.
Chang's “Santa Claus”
??Zhou Junsheng
Interview Chang, impressed me the most is not his business strategy as an entrepreneur, but not him as a rich person's blowing momentum, but the approaching sixtieth year of the person to maintain the true heart of a , a Santa Claus.
Chang's in Santa Claus, the most notable performance is his deep sense of patriotism. Chang was born in mainland China, grew up in China Taiwan, but the success of his career is in the United States across the Pacific Ocean, is also subject to Western-style education. However, like singing a song in “dress to wear in the body though, my heart still is the heart”, for many years, he has not forgotten that he is a Chinese, his talent for the development of China high-tech. Although the Taiwan authorities have set up numerous barriers to this, but in order to realize this dream, Chang gave up residence in Taiwan. We have always said “science without borders,” but Chang as a master of the contemporary high-tech product development, technology entrepreneur, has insisted his expertise with the motherland, the innocence of a child moving.
Chang's in Santa Claus, also in his devotion to the cause of the heart. During the interview, when accompanied by Richard Chang photographer to take pictures, he actively took us to his office before the display of a chip frame pictured. In this frame, the layout of the various chip sizes, in our untrained eyes, these are just the products produced by enterprises, boring, but in his view, this is his most cherished treasure. In his office, we do not see the luxurious furnishings, he took out to show off to people that these chips baby. An already successful as entrepreneurs, to the cause of the obsession is evident, the innocence of a child moving.
Chang's in Santa Claus, also in his family for their love of the heart. Interviews to reporters, Chang said of his mother, talking about his family, always full of feeling. Tucked away in Chang's pocket two photos are his “family portrait”, two photos taken in different historical periods, but the pictures are his mother, his mother, his wife, his son, There are his own. Perhaps to portability, two photos are small, but he is very valued, he said, whether he went there, are these two photos close at hand. One their minds, often in the “global village” rush of entrepreneurs, their families this obsession, the innocence of a child equally impressive.
Love the motherland and the cause, love your family, this is Chang left me deep impression, the feelings of these three blend together, to be his fear difficulties, strong Shouzhi industry and source of power. SMIC is a short six years, quickly evened the Chinese mainland and the gap between the world's chip manufacturing, companies have become the industry's “three male” one. SMIC is able to achieve such results, of course with Chang as a high-tech business strategy experts have a great relationship, but he's such a Santa Claus, also pushed him upwards of important factors.
Chang and we usually see some other entrepreneurs have a clear difference that he, as entrepreneurs, while the big companies that maintain such utter innocence. Although Chang is the boss of a successful career, but has not been himself all kinds of very famous among the “rich list” at home. His secretary told me that in fact the work of Chang during the early years at Texas Instruments in Taiwan, great world of work, as the company's senior management, have strong equity, but with his investment in the mainland, these options have been shot, The proceeds also donated, step by step charitable organizations around the world. Chang has been reluctant to open the specific whereabouts of these contributions, we are able to report some of the public to see, but he funded built in poor areas in mainland China and 29 want schools, and some of our “charity list”, the same can not see his name. Membership of a nationality unknown to Chang, he and we saw some of the usual “successful”, really quite different.
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